Red-backed Parrot (*Psephotus haematonotus*) – Original lithograph by Green, Mathews (1910–27)

Red-Backed Parrots: Chromatic Contrast and Natural Dialogue

This original early twentieth-century hand-colored lithograph depicts Psephotus haematotus, the Red-backed Parrot. The plate forms part of Gregory M. Mathews’ monumental publication The Birds of Australia, illustrated by Roland Green and issued by Witherby & Co.

Presented as a male and female pair, the composition captures one of the most visually compelling aspects of the species: pronounced sexual dimorphism. The brighter male, with his emerald plumage and vivid crimson dorsal patch, is set in elegant counterpoint to the softer-toned female below.

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Visual and Aesthetic Analysis

Roland Green arranges the two birds in a vertical interplay that feels both balanced and conversational. The upper figure commands attention through saturated greens and the sharply defined red back panel—an accent that immediately anchors the composition. The lower bird, rendered in cooler greys and muted turquoise tones, introduces visual depth and tonal variation.

The eucalyptus foliage is delicately suggested, creating a soft atmospheric frame without overwhelming the subjects. The vertical branch structure reinforces compositional stability, while the elongated tails provide graceful downward movement, giving the sheet a refined decorative rhythm.

Unlike plates driven purely by bold colour, this composition succeeds through contrast and harmony—brilliance moderated by subtlety, vitality balanced by restraint.

About the Species

The Red-backed Parrot inhabits open woodland and grassland regions of Australia. The species is particularly noted for its marked sexual dimorphism: males display vibrant green plumage with a striking red dorsal patch, while females exhibit softer, more subdued colouring.

Mathews’ inclusion of both sexes within a single plate underscores his scientific thoroughness. Beyond decorative appeal, this lithograph preserves an important taxonomic and behavioural distinction central to ornithological study.

Condition Report

Very good antique condition. Fresh original hand-coloring with strong lithographic impression. Printed on fine early twentieth-century wove paper. Minor age toning slightly more visible along the outer margins, consistent with age.

Details

• Author: Gregory M. Mathews
• Illustrator: Roland Green (“Green del.”)
• Work: The Birds of Australia
• Species: Red-backed Parrot (Psephotus haematotus)
• Period: circa 1910
• Technique: Original hand-colored lithograph
• Paper: Fine original wove paper
• Publisher: Witherby & Co.

For further insight into Roland Green’s contribution to ornithological illustration: Roland Green – Dynamic Vision and Field-Born Precision in Bird Art