Great Centaury (Centaureum majus) – Original Hand-Colored Engraving by Elisabeth Blackwell

This refined botanical engraving depicts Great Centaury (Centaureum majus, also recorded as Centaurium majus), presented with both botanical precision and a remarkable decorative presence. The plate combines flowering heads, finely divided foliage, and an expressive root study, offering a complete visual account of the plant’s form.

A tall central stem rises with calm authority, carrying rounded flower heads crowned by delicate fringed florets in soft crimson tones. The composition is enlivened by a small butterfly poised near the blossoms—an observational detail that introduces a subtle narrative note while reinforcing the natural context in which the plant was encountered.

Produced in the early eighteenth century, this engraving forms part of A Curious Herbal (1737–1739), a landmark botanical and medical work distinguished by the rare unity of authorship, in which drawing, copper engraving, and hand-colouring were executed by Elisabeth Blackwell herself.

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Visual and Aesthetic Analysis

The composition is organized around a strong vertical axis, with the flower heads positioned like measured accents in the upper register. The fern-like leaf structure introduces rhythmic lateral movement and creates an elegant interplay of negative space and fine botanical detail.

The enlarged root study provides dramatic counterweight, adding sculptural depth and an almost portrait-like character to the plate. The butterfly detail—small but vivid—functions as a refined focal point, giving the work an immediate visual memorability while remaining consistent with the engraving’s documentary spirit.

About the Subject

Centaury has held a long-standing reputation in European herbal tradition, frequently associated with bitter preparations and restorative household remedies. In early modern medical contexts, plants valued for their bitterness were often recorded with particular care, as accurate identification mattered for apothecary practice. Blackwell’s engraving emphasizes reliable markers: the upright habit, the distinctive composite flower heads with fine fringed florets, and the characteristic divided foliage. The inclusion of the root study reinforces the practical intent of A Curious Herbal, whose purpose was not ornament alone, but dependable reference—an illustrated pharmacopeia grounded in observation and usability.

Condition Report

The engraving is preserved in very fine antique condition, printed on original handmade laid paper typical of early eighteenth-century botanical publications. No watermark is visible on the sheet. The surface remains clean and stable, with a crisp impression and well-preserved original hand-colouring. No notable defects are present. The engraved credit “Eliz. Blackwell delin. sculp. et pinx.” is fully legible, confirming that the drawing, engraving, and hand-colouring were executed by Elisabeth Blackwell herself.

Details

• Artist: Elisabeth Blackwell
• Work / Publication: A Curious Herbal
• Period: 1737–1739
• Technique: Original copper engraving, drawn, engraved, and hand-colored by Elisabeth Blackwell
• Paper: Original handmade laid paper
• Watermark: None observed
• Sheet size: approx. 37 × 22 cm

For further context on Elisabeth Blackwell and the singular unity of authorship behind A Curious Herbal, see our editorial feature:

Elisabeth Blackwell – A Curious Herbal